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  98. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">3. Configure Python</a><ul>

  99. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#build-requirements">3.1. Build Requirements</a></li>

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  101. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#configure-script">3.2.1. configure script</a></li>

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  103. </li>

  104. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#configure-options">3.3. Configure Options</a><ul>

  105. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#general-options">3.3.1. General Options</a></li>

  106. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#webassembly-options">3.3.2. WebAssembly Options</a></li>

  107. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#install-options">3.3.3. Install Options</a></li>

  108. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#performance-options">3.3.4. Performance options</a></li>

  109. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-debug-build">3.3.5. Python Debug Build</a></li>

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  127. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#compiler-flags">3.5.2. Compiler flags</a></li>

  128. <li><a class="reference internal" href="#linker-flags">3.5.3. Linker flags</a></li>

  129. </ul>

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  222.   <section id="configure-python">

  223. <h1><span class="section-number">3. </span>Configure Python<a class="headerlink" href="#configure-python" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>

  224. <section id="build-requirements">

  225. <h2><span class="section-number">3.1. </span>Build Requirements<a class="headerlink" href="#build-requirements" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>

  226. <p>Features required to build CPython:</p>

  227. <ul class="simple">

  228. <li><p>A <a class="reference external" href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/11">C11</a> compiler. <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C11_(C_standard_revision)#Optional_features">Optional C11

  229. features</a>

  230. are not required.</p></li>

  231. <li><p>Support for <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_754">IEEE 754</a> floating

  232. point numbers and <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NaN#Floating_point">floating point Not-a-Number (NaN)</a>.</p></li>

  233. <li><p>Support for threads.</p></li>

  234. <li><p>OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer for the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#module-ssl" title="ssl: TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/hashlib.html#module-hashlib" title="hashlib: Secure hash and message digest algorithms."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hashlib</span></code></a> modules.</p></li>

  235. <li><p>On Windows, Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 or later is required.</p></li>

  236. </ul>

  237. <div class="versionchanged">

  238. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.5: </span>On Windows, Visual Studio 2015 or later is required.</p>

  239. </div>

  240. <div class="versionchanged">

  241. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.6: </span>Selected C99 features are now required, like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;stdint.h&gt;</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">static</span>

  242. <span class="pre">inline</span></code> functions.</p>

  243. </div>

  244. <div class="versionchanged">

  245. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.7: </span>Thread support and OpenSSL 1.0.2 are now required.</p>

  246. </div>

  247. <div class="versionchanged">

  248. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.10: </span>OpenSSL 1.1.1 is now required.</p>

  249. </div>

  250. <div class="versionchanged">

  251. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.11: </span>C11 compiler, IEEE 754 and NaN support are now required.

  252. On Windows, Visual Studio 2017 or later is required.</p>

  253. </div>

  254. <p>See also <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0007/"><strong>PEP 7</strong></a> “Style Guide for C Code” and <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/"><strong>PEP 11</strong></a> “CPython platform

  255. support”.</p>

  256. </section>

  257. <section id="generated-files">

  258. <h2><span class="section-number">3.2. </span>Generated files<a class="headerlink" href="#generated-files" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>

  259. <p>To reduce build dependencies, Python source code contains multiple generated

  260. files. Commands to regenerate all generated files:</p>

  261. <div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>make<span class="w"> </span>regen-all

  262. make<span class="w"> </span>regen-stdlib-module-names

  263. make<span class="w"> </span>regen-limited-abi

  264. make<span class="w"> </span>regen-configure

  265. </pre></div>

  266. </div>

  267. <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Makefile.pre.in</span></code> file documents generated files, their inputs, and tools used

  268. to regenerate them. Search for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">regen-*</span></code> make targets.</p>

  269. <section id="configure-script">

  270. <h3><span class="section-number">3.2.1. </span>configure script<a class="headerlink" href="#configure-script" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  271. <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">regen-configure</span></code> command regenerates the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aclocal.m4</span></code> file and

  272. the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure</span></code> script using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Tools/build/regen-configure.sh</span></code> shell

  273. script which uses an Ubuntu container to get the same tools versions and have a

  274. reproducible output.</p>

  275. <p>The container is optional, the following command can be run locally:</p>

  276. <div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>autoreconf<span class="w"> </span>-ivf<span class="w"> </span>-Werror

  277. </pre></div>

  278. </div>

  279. <p>The generated files can change depending on the exact <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">autoconf-archive</span></code>,

  280. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aclocal</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg-config</span></code> versions.</p>

  281. </section>

  282. </section>

  283. <section id="configure-options">

  284. <span id="id1"></span><h2><span class="section-number">3.3. </span>Configure Options<a class="headerlink" href="#configure-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>

  285. <p>List all <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./configure</span></code> script options using:</p>

  286. <div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>./configure<span class="w"> </span>--help

  287. </pre></div>

  288. </div>

  289. <p>See also the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Misc/SpecialBuilds.txt</span></code> in the Python source distribution.</p>

  290. <section id="general-options">

  291. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.1. </span>General Options<a class="headerlink" href="#general-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  292. <dl class="std option">

  293. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions">

  294. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  295. <dd><p>Support loadable extensions in the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_sqlite</span></code> extension module (default

  296. is no) of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#module-sqlite3" title="sqlite3: A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlite3</span></code></a> module.</p>

  297. <p>See the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension" title="sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension()</span></code></a> method of the

  298. <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#module-sqlite3" title="sqlite3: A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlite3</span></code></a> module.</p>

  299. <div class="versionadded">

  300. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  301. </div>

  302. </dd></dl>

  303. 

  304. <dl class="std option">

  305. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-disable-ipv6">

  306. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--disable-ipv6</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-disable-ipv6" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  307. <dd><p>Disable IPv6 support (enabled by default if supported), see the

  308. <a class="reference internal" href="../library/socket.html#module-socket" title="socket: Low-level networking interface."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">socket</span></code></a> module.</p>

  309. </dd></dl>

  310. 

  311. <dl class="std option">

  312. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-big-digits">

  313. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-big-digits</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=[15|30]</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-big-digits" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  314. <dd><p>Define the size in bits of Python <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code></a> digits: 15 or 30 bits.</p>

  315. <p>By default, the digit size is 30.</p>

  316. <p>Define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYLONG_BITS_IN_DIGIT</span></code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">15</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">30</span></code>.</p>

  317. <p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.int_info" title="sys.int_info"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.int_info.bits_per_digit</span></code></a>.</p>

  318. </dd></dl>

  319. 

  320. <dl class="std option">

  321. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-suffix">

  322. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-suffix</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=SUFFIX</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-suffix" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  323. <dd><p>Set the Python executable suffix to <em>SUFFIX</em>.</p>

  324. <p>The default suffix is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.exe</span></code> on Windows and macOS (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python.exe</span></code>

  325. executable), <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.js</span></code> on Emscripten node, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.html</span></code> on Emscripten browser,

  326. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.wasm</span></code> on WASI, and an empty string on other platforms (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code>

  327. executable).</p>

  328. <div class="versionchanged">

  329. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.11: </span>The default suffix on WASM platform is one of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.js</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.html</span></code>

  330. or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.wasm</span></code>.</p>

  331. </div>

  332. </dd></dl>

  333. 

  334. <dl class="std option">

  335. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-tzpath">

  336. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-tzpath</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=&lt;list</span> <span class="pre">of</span> <span class="pre">absolute</span> <span class="pre">paths</span> <span class="pre">separated</span> <span class="pre">by</span> <span class="pre">pathsep&gt;</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-tzpath" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  337. <dd><p>Select the default time zone search path for <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zoneinfo.html#zoneinfo.TZPATH" title="zoneinfo.TZPATH"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">zoneinfo.TZPATH</span></code></a>.

  338. See the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zoneinfo.html#zoneinfo-data-compile-time-config"><span class="std std-ref">Compile-time configuration</span></a> of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zoneinfo.html#module-zoneinfo" title="zoneinfo: IANA time zone support"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">zoneinfo</span></code></a> module.</p>

  339. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/share/zoneinfo:/usr/lib/zoneinfo:/usr/share/lib/zoneinfo:/etc/zoneinfo</span></code>.</p>

  340. <p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.pathsep" title="os.pathsep"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.pathsep</span></code></a> path separator.</p>

  341. <div class="versionadded">

  342. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.9.</span></p>

  343. </div>

  344. </dd></dl>

  345. 

  346. <dl class="std option">

  347. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-decimal-contextvar">

  348. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--without-decimal-contextvar</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-decimal-contextvar" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  349. <dd><p>Build the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_decimal</span></code> extension module using a thread-local context rather

  350. than a coroutine-local context (default), see the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/decimal.html#module-decimal" title="decimal: Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic  Specification."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal</span></code></a> module.</p>

  351. <p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/decimal.html#decimal.HAVE_CONTEXTVAR" title="decimal.HAVE_CONTEXTVAR"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal.HAVE_CONTEXTVAR</span></code></a> and the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/contextvars.html#module-contextvars" title="contextvars: Context Variables"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contextvars</span></code></a> module.</p>

  352. <div class="versionadded">

  353. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.9.</span></p>

  354. </div>

  355. </dd></dl>

  356. 

  357. <dl class="std option">

  358. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-dbmliborder">

  359. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-dbmliborder</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=&lt;list</span> <span class="pre">of</span> <span class="pre">backend</span> <span class="pre">names&gt;</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-dbmliborder" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  360. <dd><p>Override order to check db backends for the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#module-dbm" title="dbm: Interfaces to various Unix &quot;database&quot; formats."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dbm</span></code></a> module</p>

  361. <p>A valid value is a colon (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">:</span></code>) separated string with the backend names:</p>

  362. <ul class="simple">

  363. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ndbm</span></code>;</p></li>

  364. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gdbm</span></code>;</p></li>

  365. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bdb</span></code>.</p></li>

  366. </ul>

  367. </dd></dl>

  368. 

  369. <dl class="std option">

  370. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-c-locale-coercion">

  371. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--without-c-locale-coercion</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-c-locale-coercion" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  372. <dd><p>Disable C locale coercion to a UTF-8 based locale (enabled by default).</p>

  373. <p>Don’t define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PY_COERCE_C_LOCALE</span></code> macro.</p>

  374. <p>See <span class="target" id="index-2"></span><a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE</span></code></a> and the <span class="target" id="index-3"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0538/"><strong>PEP 538</strong></a>.</p>

  375. </dd></dl>

  376. 

  377. <dl class="std option">

  378. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-freelists">

  379. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--without-freelists</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-freelists" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  380. <dd><p>Disable all freelists except the empty tuple singleton.</p>

  381. <div class="versionadded">

  382. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11.</span></p>

  383. </div>

  384. </dd></dl>

  385. 

  386. <dl class="std option">

  387. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-platlibdir">

  388. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-platlibdir</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=DIRNAME</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-platlibdir" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  389. <dd><p>Python library directory name (default is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lib</span></code>).</p>

  390. <p>Fedora and SuSE use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lib64</span></code> on 64-bit platforms.</p>

  391. <p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.platlibdir" title="sys.platlibdir"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.platlibdir</span></code></a>.</p>

  392. <div class="versionadded">

  393. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.9.</span></p>

  394. </div>

  395. </dd></dl>

  396. 

  397. <dl class="std option">

  398. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-wheel-pkg-dir">

  399. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-wheel-pkg-dir</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=PATH</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-wheel-pkg-dir" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  400. <dd><p>Directory of wheel packages used by the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ensurepip.html#module-ensurepip" title="ensurepip: Bootstrapping the &quot;pip&quot; installer into an existing Python installation or virtual environment."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ensurepip</span></code></a> module

  401. (none by default).</p>

  402. <p>Some Linux distribution packaging policies recommend against bundling

  403. dependencies. For example, Fedora installs wheel packages in the

  404. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/share/python-wheels/</span></code> directory and don’t install the

  405. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ensurepip._bundled</span></code> package.</p>

  406. <div class="versionadded">

  407. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.10.</span></p>

  408. </div>

  409. </dd></dl>

  410. 

  411. <dl class="std option">

  412. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-pkg-config">

  413. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-pkg-config</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=[check|yes|no]</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-pkg-config" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  414. <dd><p>Whether configure should use <strong class="program">pkg-config</strong> to detect build

  415. dependencies.</p>

  416. <ul class="simple">

  417. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">check</span></code> (default): <strong class="program">pkg-config</strong> is optional</p></li>

  418. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yes</span></code>: <strong class="program">pkg-config</strong> is mandatory</p></li>

  419. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">no</span></code>: configure does not use <strong class="program">pkg-config</strong> even when present</p></li>

  420. </ul>

  421. <div class="versionadded">

  422. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11.</span></p>

  423. </div>

  424. </dd></dl>

  425. 

  426. <dl class="std option">

  427. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-pystats">

  428. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-pystats</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-pystats" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  429. <dd><p>Turn on internal statistics gathering.</p>

  430. <p>The statistics will be dumped to a arbitrary (probably unique) file in

  431. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/tmp/py_stats/</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">C:\temp\py_stats\</span></code> on Windows. If that directory

  432. does not exist, results will be printed on stdout.</p>

  433. <p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Tools/scripts/summarize_stats.py</span></code> to read the stats.</p>

  434. <div class="versionadded">

  435. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11.</span></p>

  436. </div>

  437. </dd></dl>

  438. 

  439. </section>

  440. <section id="webassembly-options">

  441. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.2. </span>WebAssembly Options<a class="headerlink" href="#webassembly-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  442. <dl class="std option">

  443. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-emscripten-target">

  444. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-emscripten-target</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=[browser|node]</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-emscripten-target" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  445. <dd><p>Set build flavor for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wasm32-emscripten</span></code>.</p>

  446. <ul class="simple">

  447. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">browser</span></code> (default): preload minimal stdlib, default MEMFS.</p></li>

  448. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">node</span></code>: NODERAWFS and pthread support.</p></li>

  449. </ul>

  450. <div class="versionadded">

  451. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11.</span></p>

  452. </div>

  453. </dd></dl>

  454. 

  455. <dl class="std option">

  456. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-wasm-dynamic-linking">

  457. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-wasm-dynamic-linking</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-wasm-dynamic-linking" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  458. <dd><p>Turn on dynamic linking support for WASM.</p>

  459. <p>Dynamic linking enables <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dlopen</span></code>. File size of the executable

  460. increases due to limited dead code elimination and additional features.</p>

  461. <div class="versionadded">

  462. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11.</span></p>

  463. </div>

  464. </dd></dl>

  465. 

  466. <dl class="std option">

  467. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-wasm-pthreads">

  468. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-wasm-pthreads</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-wasm-pthreads" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  469. <dd><p>Turn on pthreads support for WASM.</p>

  470. <div class="versionadded">

  471. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11.</span></p>

  472. </div>

  473. </dd></dl>

  474. 

  475. </section>

  476. <section id="install-options">

  477. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.3. </span>Install Options<a class="headerlink" href="#install-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  478. <dl class="std option">

  479. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-prefix">

  480. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--prefix</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=PREFIX</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-prefix" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  481. <dd><p>Install architecture-independent files in PREFIX. On Unix, it

  482. defaults to <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/local</span></code>.</p>

  483. <p>This value can be retrieved at runtime using <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.prefix" title="sys.prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.prefix</span></code></a>.</p>

  484. <p>As an example, one can use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--prefix=&quot;$HOME/.local/&quot;</span></code> to install

  485. a Python in its home directory.</p>

  486. </dd></dl>

  487. 

  488. <dl class="std option">

  489. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-exec-prefix">

  490. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--exec-prefix</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=EPREFIX</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-exec-prefix" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  491. <dd><p>Install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX, defaults to <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-prefix"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--prefix</span></code></a>.</p>

  492. <p>This value can be retrieved at runtime using <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.exec_prefix" title="sys.exec_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.exec_prefix</span></code></a>.</p>

  493. </dd></dl>

  494. 

  495. <dl class="std option">

  496. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-disable-test-modules">

  497. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--disable-test-modules</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-disable-test-modules" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  498. <dd><p>Don’t build nor install test modules, like the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/test.html#module-test" title="test: Regression tests package containing the testing suite for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">test</span></code></a> package or the

  499. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_testcapi</span></code> extension module (built and installed by default).</p>

  500. <div class="versionadded">

  501. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.10.</span></p>

  502. </div>

  503. </dd></dl>

  504. 

  505. <dl class="std option">

  506. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-ensurepip">

  507. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-ensurepip</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=[upgrade|install|no]</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-ensurepip" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  508. <dd><p>Select the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ensurepip.html#module-ensurepip" title="ensurepip: Bootstrapping the &quot;pip&quot; installer into an existing Python installation or virtual environment."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ensurepip</span></code></a> command run on Python installation:</p>

  509. <ul class="simple">

  510. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">upgrade</span></code> (default): run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-m</span> <span class="pre">ensurepip</span> <span class="pre">--altinstall</span> <span class="pre">--upgrade</span></code>

  511. command.</p></li>

  512. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">install</span></code>: run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-m</span> <span class="pre">ensurepip</span> <span class="pre">--altinstall</span></code> command;</p></li>

  513. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">no</span></code>: don’t run ensurepip;</p></li>

  514. </ul>

  515. <div class="versionadded">

  516. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  517. </div>

  518. </dd></dl>

  519. 

  520. </section>

  521. <section id="performance-options">

  522. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.4. </span>Performance options<a class="headerlink" href="#performance-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  523. <p>Configuring Python using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-optimizations</span> <span class="pre">--with-lto</span></code> (PGO + LTO) is

  524. recommended for best performance. The experimental <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-bolt</span></code> flag can

  525. also be used to improve performance.</p>

  526. <dl class="std option">

  527. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-optimizations">

  528. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-optimizations</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-optimizations" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  529. <dd><p>Enable Profile Guided Optimization (PGO) using <span class="target" id="index-4"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-PROFILE_TASK"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PROFILE_TASK</span></code></a>

  530. (disabled by default).</p>

  531. <p>The C compiler Clang requires <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">llvm-profdata</span></code> program for PGO. On

  532. macOS, GCC also requires it: GCC is just an alias to Clang on macOS.</p>

  533. <p>Disable also semantic interposition in libpython if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-shared</span></code> and

  534. GCC is used: add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-fno-semantic-interposition</span></code> to the compiler and linker

  535. flags.</p>

  536. <div class="versionadded">

  537. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  538. </div>

  539. <div class="versionchanged">

  540. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.10: </span>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-fno-semantic-interposition</span></code> on GCC.</p>

  541. </div>

  542. </dd></dl>

  543. 

  544. <dl class="std envvar">

  545. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PROFILE_TASK">

  546. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PROFILE_TASK</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PROFILE_TASK" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  547. <dd><p>Environment variable used in the Makefile: Python command line arguments for

  548. the PGO generation task.</p>

  549. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-m</span> <span class="pre">test</span> <span class="pre">--pgo</span> <span class="pre">--timeout=$(TESTTIMEOUT)</span></code>.</p>

  550. <div class="versionadded">

  551. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.8.</span></p>

  552. </div>

  553. </dd></dl>

  554. 

  555. <dl class="std option">

  556. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-lto">

  557. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-lto</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=[full|thin|no|yes]</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-lto" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  558. <dd><p>Enable Link Time Optimization (LTO) in any build (disabled by default).</p>

  559. <p>The C compiler Clang requires <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">llvm-ar</span></code> for LTO (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ar</span></code> on macOS), as well

  560. as an LTO-aware linker (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ld.gold</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lld</span></code>).</p>

  561. <div class="versionadded">

  562. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  563. </div>

  564. <div class="versionadded">

  565. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11: </span>To use ThinLTO feature, use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-lto=thin</span></code> on Clang.</p>

  566. </div>

  567. <div class="versionchanged">

  568. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.12: </span>Use ThinLTO as the default optimization policy on Clang if the compiler accepts the flag.</p>

  569. </div>

  570. </dd></dl>

  571. 

  572. <dl class="std option">

  573. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-bolt">

  574. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-bolt</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-bolt" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  575. <dd><p>Enable usage of the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/tree/main/bolt">BOLT post-link binary optimizer</a> (disabled by

  576. default).</p>

  577. <p>BOLT is part of the LLVM project but is not always included in their binary

  578. distributions. This flag requires that <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">llvm-bolt</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">merge-fdata</span></code>

  579. are available.</p>

  580. <p>BOLT is still a fairly new project so this flag should be considered

  581. experimental for now. Because this tool operates on machine code its success

  582. is dependent on a combination of the build environment + the other

  583. optimization configure args + the CPU architecture, and not all combinations

  584. are supported.

  585. BOLT versions before LLVM 16 are known to crash BOLT under some scenarios.

  586. Use of LLVM 16 or newer for BOLT optimization is strongly encouraged.</p>

  587. <p>The <code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BOLT_INSTRUMENT_FLAGS</span></code> and <code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BOLT_APPLY_FLAGS</span></code>

  588. <strong class="program">configure</strong> variables can be defined to override the default set of

  589. arguments for <strong class="program">llvm-bolt</strong> to instrument and apply BOLT data to

  590. binaries, respectively.</p>

  591. <div class="versionadded">

  592. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.12.</span></p>

  593. </div>

  594. </dd></dl>

  595. 

  596. <dl class="std option">

  597. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-computed-gotos">

  598. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-computed-gotos</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-computed-gotos" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  599. <dd><p>Enable computed gotos in evaluation loop (enabled by default on supported

  600. compilers).</p>

  601. </dd></dl>

  602. 

  603. <dl class="std option">

  604. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-pymalloc">

  605. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--without-pymalloc</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-pymalloc" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  606. <dd><p>Disable the specialized Python memory allocator <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/memory.html#pymalloc"><span class="std std-ref">pymalloc</span></a>

  607. (enabled by default).</p>

  608. <p>See also <span class="target" id="index-5"></span><a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONMALLOC"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONMALLOC</span></code></a> environment variable.</p>

  609. </dd></dl>

  610. 

  611. <dl class="std option">

  612. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-doc-strings">

  613. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--without-doc-strings</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-doc-strings" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  614. <dd><p>Disable static documentation strings to reduce the memory footprint (enabled

  615. by default). Documentation strings defined in Python are not affected.</p>

  616. <p>Don’t define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WITH_DOC_STRINGS</span></code> macro.</p>

  617. <p>See the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDoc_STRVAR()</span></code> macro.</p>

  618. </dd></dl>

  619. 

  620. <dl class="std option">

  621. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-profiling">

  622. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-profiling</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-profiling" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  623. <dd><p>Enable C-level code profiling with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gprof</span></code> (disabled by default).</p>

  624. </dd></dl>

  625. 

  626. <dl class="std option">

  627. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-strict-overflow">

  628. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-strict-overflow</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-strict-overflow" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  629. <dd><p>Add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-fstrict-overflow</span></code> to the C compiler flags (by default we add

  630. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-fno-strict-overflow</span></code> instead).</p>

  631. </dd></dl>

  632. 

  633. </section>

  634. <section id="python-debug-build">

  635. <span id="debug-build"></span><h3><span class="section-number">3.3.5. </span>Python Debug Build<a class="headerlink" href="#python-debug-build" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  636. <p>A debug build is Python built with the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-pydebug"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-pydebug</span></code></a> configure

  637. option.</p>

  638. <p>Effects of a debug build:</p>

  639. <ul class="simple">

  640. <li><p>Display all warnings by default: the list of default warning filters is empty

  641. in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/warnings.html#module-warnings" title="warnings: Issue warning messages and control their disposition."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings</span></code></a> module.</p></li>

  642. <li><p>Add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">d</span></code> to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.abiflags" title="sys.abiflags"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.abiflags</span></code></a>.</p></li>

  643. <li><p>Add <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.gettotalrefcount()</span></code> function.</p></li>

  644. <li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#cmdoption-X"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">showrefcount</span></code></a> command line option.</p></li>

  645. <li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#cmdoption-d"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-d</span></code></a> command line option and <span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONDEBUG"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONDEBUG</span></code></a> environment

  646. variable to debug the parser.</p></li>

  647. <li><p>Add support for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__lltrace__</span></code> variable: enable low-level tracing in the

  648. bytecode evaluation loop if the variable is defined.</p></li>

  649. <li><p>Install <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/memory.html#default-memory-allocators"><span class="std std-ref">debug hooks on memory allocators</span></a>

  650. to detect buffer overflow and other memory errors.</p></li>

  651. <li><p>Define <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DEBUG</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_REF_DEBUG</span></code> macros.</p></li>

  652. <li><p>Add runtime checks: code surrounded by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#ifdef</span> <span class="pre">Py_DEBUG</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#endif</span></code>.

  653. Enable <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert(...)</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyObject_ASSERT(...)</span></code> assertions: don’t set

  654. the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NDEBUG</span></code> macro (see also the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-assertions"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-assertions</span></code></a> configure

  655. option). Main runtime checks:</p>

  656. <ul>

  657. <li><p>Add sanity checks on the function arguments.</p></li>

  658. <li><p>Unicode and int objects are created with their memory filled with a pattern

  659. to detect usage of uninitialized objects.</p></li>

  660. <li><p>Ensure that functions which can clear or replace the current exception are

  661. not called with an exception raised.</p></li>

  662. <li><p>Check that deallocator functions don’t change the current exception.</p></li>

  663. <li><p>The garbage collector (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/gc.html#gc.collect" title="gc.collect"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gc.collect()</span></code></a> function) runs some basic checks

  664. on objects consistency.</p></li>

  665. <li><p>The <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST()</span></code> macro checks for integer underflow and

  666. overflow when downcasting from wide types to narrow types.</p></li>

  667. </ul>

  668. </li>

  669. </ul>

  670. <p>See also the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/devmode.html#devmode"><span class="std std-ref">Python Development Mode</span></a> and the

  671. <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-trace-refs"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-trace-refs</span></code></a> configure option.</p>

  672. <div class="versionchanged">

  673. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.8: </span>Release builds and debug builds are now ABI compatible: defining the

  674. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DEBUG</span></code> macro no longer implies the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRACE_REFS</span></code> macro (see the

  675. <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-trace-refs"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-trace-refs</span></code></a> option), which introduces the only ABI

  676. incompatibility.</p>

  677. </div>

  678. </section>

  679. <section id="debug-options">

  680. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.6. </span>Debug options<a class="headerlink" href="#debug-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  681. <dl class="std option">

  682. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-pydebug">

  683. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-pydebug</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-pydebug" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  684. <dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="#debug-build"><span class="std std-ref">Build Python in debug mode</span></a>: define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DEBUG</span></code>

  685. macro (disabled by default).</p>

  686. </dd></dl>

  687. 

  688. <dl class="std option">

  689. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-trace-refs">

  690. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-trace-refs</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-trace-refs" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  691. <dd><p>Enable tracing references for debugging purpose (disabled by default).</p>

  692. <p>Effects:</p>

  693. <ul class="simple">

  694. <li><p>Define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRACE_REFS</span></code> macro.</p></li>

  695. <li><p>Add <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.getobjects()</span></code> function.</p></li>

  696. <li><p>Add <span class="target" id="index-7"></span><a class="reference internal" href="cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONDUMPREFS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONDUMPREFS</span></code></a> environment variable.</p></li>

  697. </ul>

  698. <p>This build is not ABI compatible with release build (default build) or debug

  699. build (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DEBUG</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_REF_DEBUG</span></code> macros).</p>

  700. <div class="versionadded">

  701. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.8.</span></p>

  702. </div>

  703. </dd></dl>

  704. 

  705. <dl class="std option">

  706. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-assertions">

  707. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-assertions</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-assertions" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  708. <dd><p>Build with C assertions enabled (default is no): <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert(...);</span></code> and

  709. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyObject_ASSERT(...);</span></code>.</p>

  710. <p>If set, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NDEBUG</span></code> macro is not defined in the <span class="target" id="index-8"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-OPT"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OPT</span></code></a> compiler

  711. variable.</p>

  712. <p>See also the <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-pydebug"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-pydebug</span></code></a> option (<a class="reference internal" href="#debug-build"><span class="std std-ref">debug build</span></a>) which also enables assertions.</p>

  713. <div class="versionadded">

  714. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  715. </div>

  716. </dd></dl>

  717. 

  718. <dl class="std option">

  719. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-valgrind">

  720. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-valgrind</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-valgrind" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  721. <dd><p>Enable Valgrind support (default is no).</p>

  722. </dd></dl>

  723. 

  724. <dl class="std option">

  725. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-dtrace">

  726. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-dtrace</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-dtrace" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  727. <dd><p>Enable DTrace support (default is no).</p>

  728. <p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../howto/instrumentation.html#instrumentation"><span class="std std-ref">Instrumenting CPython with DTrace and SystemTap</span></a>.</p>

  729. <div class="versionadded">

  730. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  731. </div>

  732. </dd></dl>

  733. 

  734. <dl class="std option">

  735. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-address-sanitizer">

  736. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-address-sanitizer</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-address-sanitizer" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  737. <dd><p>Enable AddressSanitizer memory error detector, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asan</span></code> (default is no).</p>

  738. <div class="versionadded">

  739. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  740. </div>

  741. </dd></dl>

  742. 

  743. <dl class="std option">

  744. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-memory-sanitizer">

  745. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-memory-sanitizer</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-memory-sanitizer" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  746. <dd><p>Enable MemorySanitizer allocation error detector, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">msan</span></code> (default is no).</p>

  747. <div class="versionadded">

  748. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  749. </div>

  750. </dd></dl>

  751. 

  752. <dl class="std option">

  753. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-undefined-behavior-sanitizer">

  754. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-undefined-behavior-sanitizer</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-undefined-behavior-sanitizer" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  755. <dd><p>Enable UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer undefined behaviour detector, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ubsan</span></code>

  756. (default is no).</p>

  757. <div class="versionadded">

  758. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  759. </div>

  760. </dd></dl>

  761. 

  762. </section>

  763. <section id="linker-options">

  764. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.7. </span>Linker options<a class="headerlink" href="#linker-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  765. <dl class="std option">

  766. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-shared">

  767. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-shared</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-shared" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  768. <dd><p>Enable building a shared Python library: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libpython</span></code> (default is no).</p>

  769. </dd></dl>

  770. 

  771. <dl class="std option">

  772. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-static-libpython">

  773. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--without-static-libpython</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-static-libpython" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  774. <dd><p>Do not build <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libpythonMAJOR.MINOR.a</span></code> and do not install <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python.o</span></code>

  775. (built and enabled by default).</p>

  776. <div class="versionadded">

  777. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.10.</span></p>

  778. </div>

  779. </dd></dl>

  780. 

  781. </section>

  782. <section id="libraries-options">

  783. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.8. </span>Libraries options<a class="headerlink" href="#libraries-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  784. <dl class="std option">

  785. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-libs">

  786. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-libs</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">='lib1</span> <span class="pre">...'</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-libs" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  787. <dd><p>Link against additional libraries (default is no).</p>

  788. </dd></dl>

  789. 

  790. <dl class="std option">

  791. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-system-expat">

  792. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-system-expat</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-system-expat" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  793. <dd><p>Build the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyexpat</span></code> module using an installed <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">expat</span></code> library

  794. (default is no).</p>

  795. </dd></dl>

  796. 

  797. <dl class="std option">

  798. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-system-libmpdec">

  799. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-system-libmpdec</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-system-libmpdec" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  800. <dd><p>Build the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_decimal</span></code> extension module using an installed <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mpdec</span></code>

  801. library, see the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/decimal.html#module-decimal" title="decimal: Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic  Specification."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal</span></code></a> module (default is no).</p>

  802. <div class="versionadded">

  803. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.3.</span></p>

  804. </div>

  805. </dd></dl>

  806. 

  807. <dl class="std option">

  808. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-readline">

  809. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-readline</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=editline</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-readline" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  810. <dd><p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">editline</span></code> library for backend of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readline</span></code></a> module.</p>

  811. <p>Define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WITH_EDITLINE</span></code> macro.</p>

  812. <div class="versionadded">

  813. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.10.</span></p>

  814. </div>

  815. </dd></dl>

  816. 

  817. <dl class="std option">

  818. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-without-readline">

  819. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--without-readline</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-without-readline" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  820. <dd><p>Don’t build the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readline</span></code></a> module (built by default).</p>

  821. <p>Don’t define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HAVE_LIBREADLINE</span></code> macro.</p>

  822. <div class="versionadded">

  823. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.10.</span></p>

  824. </div>

  825. </dd></dl>

  826. 

  827. <dl class="std option">

  828. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-libm">

  829. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-libm</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=STRING</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-libm" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  830. <dd><p>Override <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libm</span></code> math library to <em>STRING</em> (default is system-dependent).</p>

  831. </dd></dl>

  832. 

  833. <dl class="std option">

  834. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-libc">

  835. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-libc</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=STRING</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-libc" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  836. <dd><p>Override <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libc</span></code> C library to <em>STRING</em> (default is system-dependent).</p>

  837. </dd></dl>

  838. 

  839. <dl class="std option">

  840. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-openssl">

  841. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-openssl</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=DIR</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-openssl" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  842. <dd><p>Root of the OpenSSL directory.</p>

  843. <div class="versionadded">

  844. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.7.</span></p>

  845. </div>

  846. </dd></dl>

  847. 

  848. <dl class="std option">

  849. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-openssl-rpath">

  850. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-openssl-rpath</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=[no|auto|DIR]</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-openssl-rpath" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  851. <dd><p>Set runtime library directory (rpath) for OpenSSL libraries:</p>

  852. <ul class="simple">

  853. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">no</span></code> (default): don’t set rpath;</p></li>

  854. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">auto</span></code>: auto-detect rpath from <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-with-openssl"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-openssl</span></code></a> and

  855. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg-config</span></code>;</p></li>

  856. <li><p><em>DIR</em>: set an explicit rpath.</p></li>

  857. </ul>

  858. <div class="versionadded">

  859. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.10.</span></p>

  860. </div>

  861. </dd></dl>

  862. 

  863. </section>

  864. <section id="security-options">

  865. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.9. </span>Security Options<a class="headerlink" href="#security-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  866. <dl class="std option">

  867. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-hash-algorithm">

  868. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-hash-algorithm</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=[fnv|siphash13|siphash24]</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-hash-algorithm" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  869. <dd><p>Select hash algorithm for use in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python/pyhash.c</span></code>:</p>

  870. <ul class="simple">

  871. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">siphash13</span></code> (default);</p></li>

  872. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">siphash24</span></code>;</p></li>

  873. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fnv</span></code>.</p></li>

  874. </ul>

  875. <div class="versionadded">

  876. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.4.</span></p>

  877. </div>

  878. <div class="versionadded">

  879. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11: </span><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">siphash13</span></code> is added and it is the new default.</p>

  880. </div>

  881. </dd></dl>

  882. 

  883. <dl class="std option">

  884. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-builtin-hashlib-hashes">

  885. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-builtin-hashlib-hashes</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=md5,sha1,sha256,sha512,sha3,blake2</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-builtin-hashlib-hashes" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  886. <dd><p>Built-in hash modules:</p>

  887. <ul class="simple">

  888. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">md5</span></code>;</p></li>

  889. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sha1</span></code>;</p></li>

  890. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sha256</span></code>;</p></li>

  891. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sha512</span></code>;</p></li>

  892. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sha3</span></code> (with shake);</p></li>

  893. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">blake2</span></code>.</p></li>

  894. </ul>

  895. <div class="versionadded">

  896. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.9.</span></p>

  897. </div>

  898. </dd></dl>

  899. 

  900. <dl class="std option">

  901. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-ssl-default-suites">

  902. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-ssl-default-suites</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=[python|openssl|STRING]</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-ssl-default-suites" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  903. <dd><p>Override the OpenSSL default cipher suites string:</p>

  904. <ul class="simple">

  905. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code> (default): use Python’s preferred selection;</p></li>

  906. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">openssl</span></code>: leave OpenSSL’s defaults untouched;</p></li>

  907. <li><p><em>STRING</em>: use a custom string</p></li>

  908. </ul>

  909. <p>See the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#module-ssl" title="ssl: TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl</span></code></a> module.</p>

  910. <div class="versionadded">

  911. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.7.</span></p>

  912. </div>

  913. <div class="versionchanged">

  914. <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.10: </span>The settings <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code> and <em>STRING</em> also set TLS 1.2 as minimum

  915. protocol version.</p>

  916. </div>

  917. </dd></dl>

  918. 

  919. </section>

  920. <section id="macos-options">

  921. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.10. </span>macOS Options<a class="headerlink" href="#macos-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  922. <p>See <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Mac/README.rst</span></code>.</p>

  923. <dl class="std option">

  924. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-universalsdk">

  925. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-universalsdk</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-universalsdk" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  926. <dd></dd></dl>

  927. 

  928. <dl class="std option">

  929. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-0">

  930. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-universalsdk</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=SDKDIR</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-0" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  931. <dd><p>Create a universal binary build. <em>SDKDIR</em> specifies which macOS SDK should

  932. be used to perform the build (default is no).</p>

  933. </dd></dl>

  934. 

  935. <dl class="std option">

  936. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-enable-framework">

  937. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-framework</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-enable-framework" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  938. <dd></dd></dl>

  939. 

  940. <dl class="std option">

  941. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-1">

  942. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--enable-framework</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=INSTALLDIR</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-1" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  943. <dd><p>Create a Python.framework rather than a traditional Unix install. Optional

  944. <em>INSTALLDIR</em> specifies the installation path (default is no).</p>

  945. </dd></dl>

  946. 

  947. <dl class="std option">

  948. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-universal-archs">

  949. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-universal-archs</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=ARCH</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-universal-archs" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  950. <dd><p>Specify the kind of universal binary that should be created. This option is

  951. only valid when <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-enable-universalsdk"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-universalsdk</span></code></a> is set.</p>

  952. <p>Options:</p>

  953. <ul class="simple">

  954. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">universal2</span></code>;</p></li>

  955. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">32-bit</span></code>;</p></li>

  956. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">64-bit</span></code>;</p></li>

  957. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">3-way</span></code>;</p></li>

  958. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">intel</span></code>;</p></li>

  959. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">intel-32</span></code>;</p></li>

  960. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">intel-64</span></code>;</p></li>

  961. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">all</span></code>.</p></li>

  962. </ul>

  963. </dd></dl>

  964. 

  965. <dl class="std option">

  966. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-framework-name">

  967. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-framework-name</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=FRAMEWORK</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-framework-name" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  968. <dd><p>Specify the name for the python framework on macOS only valid when

  969. <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-enable-framework"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-framework</span></code></a> is set (default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python</span></code>).</p>

  970. </dd></dl>

  971. 

  972. </section>

  973. <section id="cross-compiling-options">

  974. <h3><span class="section-number">3.3.11. </span>Cross Compiling Options<a class="headerlink" href="#cross-compiling-options" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  975. <p>Cross compiling, also known as cross building, can be used to build Python

  976. for another CPU architecture or platform. Cross compiling requires a Python

  977. interpreter for the build platform. The version of the build Python must match

  978. the version of the cross compiled host Python.</p>

  979. <dl class="std option">

  980. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-build">

  981. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--build</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=BUILD</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-build" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  982. <dd><p>configure for building on BUILD, usually guessed by <strong class="program">config.guess</strong>.</p>

  983. </dd></dl>

  984. 

  985. <dl class="std option">

  986. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-host">

  987. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--host</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=HOST</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-host" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  988. <dd><p>cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST (target platform)</p>

  989. </dd></dl>

  990. 

  991. <dl class="std option">

  992. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-with-build-python">

  993. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--with-build-python</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=path/to/python</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-with-build-python" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  994. <dd><p>path to build <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code> binary for cross compiling</p>

  995. <div class="versionadded">

  996. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.11.</span></p>

  997. </div>

  998. </dd></dl>

  999. 

  1000. <dl class="std option">

  1001. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-arg-CONFIG_SITE">

  1002. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CONFIG_SITE</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">=file</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-arg-CONFIG_SITE" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1003. <dd><p>An environment variable that points to a file with configure overrides.</p>

  1004. <p>Example <em>config.site</em> file:</p>

  1005. <div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># config.site-aarch64</span>

  1006. <span class="na">ac_cv_buggy_getaddrinfo</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">no</span>

  1007. <span class="na">ac_cv_file__dev_ptmx</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">yes</span>

  1008. <span class="na">ac_cv_file__dev_ptc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">no</span>

  1009. </pre></div>

  1010. </div>

  1011. </dd></dl>

  1012. 

  1013. <p>Cross compiling example:</p>

  1014. <div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">CONFIG_SITE</span><span class="o">=</span>config.site-aarch64<span class="w"> </span>../configure<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>

  1015. <span class="w">    </span>--build<span class="o">=</span>x86_64-pc-linux-gnu<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>

  1016. <span class="w">    </span>--host<span class="o">=</span>aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>

  1017. <span class="w">    </span>--with-build-python<span class="o">=</span>../x86_64/python

  1018. </pre></div>

  1019. </div>

  1020. </section>

  1021. </section>

  1022. <section id="python-build-system">

  1023. <h2><span class="section-number">3.4. </span>Python Build System<a class="headerlink" href="#python-build-system" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>

  1024. <section id="main-files-of-the-build-system">

  1025. <h3><span class="section-number">3.4.1. </span>Main files of the build system<a class="headerlink" href="#main-files-of-the-build-system" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  1026. <ul class="simple">

  1027. <li><p><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure.ac</span></code> =&gt; <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure</span></code>;</p></li>

  1028. <li><p><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Makefile.pre.in</span></code> =&gt; <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Makefile</span></code> (created by <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure</span></code>);</p></li>

  1029. <li><p><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyconfig.h</span></code> (created by <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure</span></code>);</p></li>

  1030. <li><p><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Modules/Setup</span></code>: C extensions built by the Makefile using

  1031. <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Module/makesetup</span></code> shell script;</p></li>

  1032. </ul>

  1033. </section>

  1034. <section id="main-build-steps">

  1035. <h3><span class="section-number">3.4.2. </span>Main build steps<a class="headerlink" href="#main-build-steps" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  1036. <ul class="simple">

  1037. <li><p>C files (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.c</span></code>) are built as object files (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.o</span></code>).</p></li>

  1038. <li><p>A static <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libpython</span></code> library (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.a</span></code>) is created from objects files.</p></li>

  1039. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python.o</span></code> and the static <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libpython</span></code> library are linked into the

  1040. final <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code> program.</p></li>

  1041. <li><p>C extensions are built by the Makefile (see <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Modules/Setup</span></code>).</p></li>

  1042. </ul>

  1043. </section>

  1044. <section id="main-makefile-targets">

  1045. <h3><span class="section-number">3.4.3. </span>Main Makefile targets<a class="headerlink" href="#main-makefile-targets" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  1046. <ul class="simple">

  1047. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span></code>: Build Python with the standard library.</p></li>

  1048. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">platform:</span></code>: build the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code> program, but don’t build the

  1049. standard library extension modules.</p></li>

  1050. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">profile-opt</span></code>: build Python using Profile Guided Optimization (PGO).

  1051. You can use the configure <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-enable-optimizations"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-optimizations</span></code></a> option to make

  1052. this the default target of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span></code> command (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">all</span></code> or just

  1053. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span></code>).</p></li>

  1054. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">buildbottest</span></code>: Build Python and run the Python test suite, the same

  1055. way than buildbots test Python. Set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TESTTIMEOUT</span></code> variable (in seconds)

  1056. to change the test timeout (1200 by default: 20 minutes).</p></li>

  1057. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">install</span></code>: Build and install Python.</p></li>

  1058. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">regen-all</span></code>: Regenerate (almost) all generated files;

  1059. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">regen-stdlib-module-names</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">autoconf</span></code> must be run separately

  1060. for the remaining generated files.</p></li>

  1061. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">clean</span></code>: Remove built files.</p></li>

  1062. <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">distclean</span></code>: Same than <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">clean</span></code>, but remove also files created

  1063. by the configure script.</p></li>

  1064. </ul>

  1065. </section>

  1066. <section id="c-extensions">

  1067. <h3><span class="section-number">3.4.4. </span>C extensions<a class="headerlink" href="#c-extensions" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  1068. <p>Some C extensions are built as built-in modules, like the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code> module.

  1069. They are built with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BUILD_CORE_BUILTIN</span></code> macro defined.

  1070. Built-in modules have no <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__file__</span></code> attribute:</p>

  1071. <div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">sys</span>

  1072. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">sys</span>

  1073. <span class="go">&lt;module &#39;sys&#39; (built-in)&gt;</span>

  1074. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__file__</span>

  1075. <span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>

  1076.   File <span class="nb">&quot;&lt;stdin&gt;&quot;</span>, line <span class="m">1</span>, in <span class="n">&lt;module&gt;</span>

  1077. <span class="gr">AttributeError</span>: <span class="n">module &#39;sys&#39; has no attribute &#39;__file__&#39;</span>

  1078. </pre></div>

  1079. </div>

  1080. <p>Other C extensions are built as dynamic libraries, like the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_asyncio</span></code> module.

  1081. They are built with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE</span></code> macro defined.

  1082. Example on Linux x86-64:</p>

  1083. <div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">_asyncio</span>

  1084. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">_asyncio</span>

  1085. <span class="go">&lt;module &#39;_asyncio&#39; from &#39;/usr/lib64/python3.9/lib-dynload/_asyncio.cpython-39-x86_64-linux-gnu.so&#39;&gt;</span>

  1086. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">_asyncio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__file__</span>

  1087. <span class="go">&#39;/usr/lib64/python3.9/lib-dynload/_asyncio.cpython-39-x86_64-linux-gnu.so&#39;</span>

  1088. </pre></div>

  1089. </div>

  1090. <p><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Modules/Setup</span></code> is used to generate Makefile targets to build C extensions.

  1091. At the beginning of the files, C extensions are built as built-in modules.

  1092. Extensions defined after the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">*shared*</span></code> marker are built as dynamic libraries.</p>

  1093. <p>The <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyAPI_FUNC()</span></code>, <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyAPI_DATA()</span></code> and

  1094. <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/intro.html#c.PyMODINIT_FUNC" title="PyMODINIT_FUNC"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMODINIT_FUNC</span></code></a> macros of <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Include/exports.h</span></code> are defined

  1095. differently depending if the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE</span></code> macro is defined:</p>

  1096. <ul class="simple">

  1097. <li><p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_EXPORTED_SYMBOL</span></code> if the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE</span></code> is defined</p></li>

  1098. <li><p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_IMPORTED_SYMBOL</span></code> otherwise.</p></li>

  1099. </ul>

  1100. <p>If the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BUILD_CORE_BUILTIN</span></code> macro is used by mistake on a C extension

  1101. built as a shared library, its <code class="samp docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyInit_</span><em><span class="pre">xxx</span></em><span class="pre">()</span></code> function is not exported,

  1102. causing an <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ImportError" title="ImportError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ImportError</span></code></a> on import.</p>

  1103. </section>

  1104. </section>

  1105. <section id="compiler-and-linker-flags">

  1106. <h2><span class="section-number">3.5. </span>Compiler and linker flags<a class="headerlink" href="#compiler-and-linker-flags" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>

  1107. <p>Options set by the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./configure</span></code> script and environment variables and used by

  1108. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Makefile</span></code>.</p>

  1109. <section id="preprocessor-flags">

  1110. <h3><span class="section-number">3.5.1. </span>Preprocessor flags<a class="headerlink" href="#preprocessor-flags" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  1111. <dl class="std envvar">

  1112. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_CPPFLAGS">

  1113. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CONFIGURE_CPPFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_CPPFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1114. <dd><p>Value of <span class="target" id="index-9"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CPPFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CPPFLAGS</span></code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./configure</span></code> script.</p>

  1115. <div class="versionadded">

  1116. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.6.</span></p>

  1117. </div>

  1118. </dd></dl>

  1119. 

  1120. <dl class="std envvar">

  1121. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CPPFLAGS">

  1122. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CPPFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CPPFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1123. <dd><p>(Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. <code class="samp docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-I</span><em><span class="pre">include_dir</span></em></code> if you have

  1124. headers in a nonstandard directory <em>include_dir</em>.</p>

  1125. <p>Both <span class="target" id="index-10"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CPPFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CPPFLAGS</span></code></a> and <span class="target" id="index-11"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS</span></code></a> need to contain the shell’s

  1126. value to be able to build extension modules using the

  1127. directories specified in the environment variables.</p>

  1128. </dd></dl>

  1129. 

  1130. <dl class="std envvar">

  1131. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-BASECPPFLAGS">

  1132. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">BASECPPFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-BASECPPFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1133. <dd><div class="versionadded">

  1134. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.4.</span></p>

  1135. </div>

  1136. </dd></dl>

  1137. 

  1138. <dl class="std envvar">

  1139. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CPPFLAGS">

  1140. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_CPPFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CPPFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1141. <dd><p>Extra preprocessor flags added for building the interpreter object files.</p>

  1142. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(BASECPPFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">-I.</span> <span class="pre">-I$(srcdir)/Include</span> <span class="pre">$(CONFIGURE_CPPFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">$(CPPFLAGS)</span></code>.</p>

  1143. <div class="versionadded">

  1144. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.2.</span></p>

  1145. </div>

  1146. </dd></dl>

  1147. 

  1148. </section>

  1149. <section id="compiler-flags">

  1150. <h3><span class="section-number">3.5.2. </span>Compiler flags<a class="headerlink" href="#compiler-flags" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  1151. <dl class="std envvar">

  1152. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CC">

  1153. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CC</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CC" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1154. <dd><p>C compiler command.</p>

  1155. <p>Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gcc</span> <span class="pre">-pthread</span></code>.</p>

  1156. </dd></dl>

  1157. 

  1158. <dl class="std envvar">

  1159. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CXX">

  1160. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CXX</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CXX" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1161. <dd><p>C++ compiler command.</p>

  1162. <p>Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">g++</span> <span class="pre">-pthread</span></code>.</p>

  1163. </dd></dl>

  1164. 

  1165. <dl class="std envvar">

  1166. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CFLAGS">

  1167. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1168. <dd><p>C compiler flags.</p>

  1169. </dd></dl>

  1170. 

  1171. <dl class="std envvar">

  1172. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST">

  1173. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CFLAGS_NODIST</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1174. <dd><p><span class="target" id="index-12"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CFLAGS_NODIST</span></code></a> is used for building the interpreter and stdlib C

  1175. extensions.  Use it when a compiler flag should <em>not</em> be part of

  1176. <span class="target" id="index-13"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CFLAGS</span></code></a> once Python is installed (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/65320">gh-65320</a>).</p>

  1177. <p>In particular, <span class="target" id="index-14"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CFLAGS</span></code></a> should not contain:</p>

  1178. <ul class="simple">

  1179. <li><p>the compiler flag <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-I</span></code> (for setting the search path for include files).

  1180. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-I</span></code> flags are processed from left to right, and any flags in

  1181. <span class="target" id="index-15"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CFLAGS</span></code></a> would take precedence over user- and package-supplied <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-I</span></code>

  1182. flags.</p></li>

  1183. <li><p>hardening flags such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-Werror</span></code> because distributions cannot control

  1184. whether packages installed by users conform to such heightened

  1185. standards.</p></li>

  1186. </ul>

  1187. <div class="versionadded">

  1188. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.5.</span></p>

  1189. </div>

  1190. </dd></dl>

  1191. 

  1192. <dl class="std envvar">

  1193. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-COMPILEALL_OPTS">

  1194. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">COMPILEALL_OPTS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-COMPILEALL_OPTS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1195. <dd><p>Options passed to the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/compileall.html#module-compileall" title="compileall: Tools for byte-compiling all Python source files in a directory tree."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compileall</span></code></a> command line when building PYC files

  1196. in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">install</span></code>. Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-j0</span></code>.</p>

  1197. <div class="versionadded">

  1198. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.12.</span></p>

  1199. </div>

  1200. </dd></dl>

  1201. 

  1202. <dl class="std envvar">

  1203. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-EXTRA_CFLAGS">

  1204. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">EXTRA_CFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-EXTRA_CFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1205. <dd><p>Extra C compiler flags.</p>

  1206. </dd></dl>

  1207. 

  1208. <dl class="std envvar">

  1209. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_CFLAGS">

  1210. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CONFIGURE_CFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_CFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1211. <dd><p>Value of <span class="target" id="index-16"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CFLAGS</span></code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./configure</span></code>

  1212. script.</p>

  1213. <div class="versionadded">

  1214. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.2.</span></p>

  1215. </div>

  1216. </dd></dl>

  1217. 

  1218. <dl class="std envvar">

  1219. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_CFLAGS_NODIST">

  1220. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CONFIGURE_CFLAGS_NODIST</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_CFLAGS_NODIST" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1221. <dd><p>Value of <span class="target" id="index-17"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CFLAGS_NODIST</span></code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./configure</span></code>

  1222. script.</p>

  1223. <div class="versionadded">

  1224. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.5.</span></p>

  1225. </div>

  1226. </dd></dl>

  1227. 

  1228. <dl class="std envvar">

  1229. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-BASECFLAGS">

  1230. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">BASECFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-BASECFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1231. <dd><p>Base compiler flags.</p>

  1232. </dd></dl>

  1233. 

  1234. <dl class="std envvar">

  1235. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-OPT">

  1236. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">OPT</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-OPT" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1237. <dd><p>Optimization flags.</p>

  1238. </dd></dl>

  1239. 

  1240. <dl class="std envvar">

  1241. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CFLAGS_ALIASING">

  1242. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CFLAGS_ALIASING</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_ALIASING" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1243. <dd><p>Strict or non-strict aliasing flags used to compile <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python/dtoa.c</span></code>.</p>

  1244. <div class="versionadded">

  1245. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.7.</span></p>

  1246. </div>

  1247. </dd></dl>

  1248. 

  1249. <dl class="std envvar">

  1250. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CCSHARED">

  1251. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CCSHARED</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CCSHARED" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1252. <dd><p>Compiler flags used to build a shared library.</p>

  1253. <p>For example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-fPIC</span></code> is used on Linux and on BSD.</p>

  1254. </dd></dl>

  1255. 

  1256. <dl class="std envvar">

  1257. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CFLAGSFORSHARED">

  1258. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CFLAGSFORSHARED</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CFLAGSFORSHARED" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1259. <dd><p>Extra C flags added for building the interpreter object files.</p>

  1260. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(CCSHARED)</span></code> when <a class="reference internal" href="#cmdoption-enable-shared"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-shared</span></code></a> is used, or an empty

  1261. string otherwise.</p>

  1262. </dd></dl>

  1263. 

  1264. <dl class="std envvar">

  1265. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CFLAGS">

  1266. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_CFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1267. <dd><p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(BASECFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">$(OPT)</span> <span class="pre">$(CONFIGURE_CFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">$(CFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">$(EXTRA_CFLAGS)</span></code>.</p>

  1268. </dd></dl>

  1269. 

  1270. <dl class="std envvar">

  1271. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CFLAGS_NODIST">

  1272. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_CFLAGS_NODIST</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CFLAGS_NODIST" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1273. <dd><p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(CONFIGURE_CFLAGS_NODIST)</span> <span class="pre">$(CFLAGS_NODIST)</span> <span class="pre">-I$(srcdir)/Include/internal</span></code>.</p>

  1274. <div class="versionadded">

  1275. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.5.</span></p>

  1276. </div>

  1277. </dd></dl>

  1278. 

  1279. <dl class="std envvar">

  1280. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS">

  1281. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1282. <dd><p>C flags used for building the interpreter object files.</p>

  1283. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(PY_CFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">$(PY_CFLAGS_NODIST)</span> <span class="pre">$(PY_CPPFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">$(CFLAGSFORSHARED)</span></code>.</p>

  1284. <div class="versionadded">

  1285. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.7.</span></p>

  1286. </div>

  1287. </dd></dl>

  1288. 

  1289. <dl class="std envvar">

  1290. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CORE_CFLAGS">

  1291. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_CORE_CFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CORE_CFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1292. <dd><p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">-DPy_BUILD_CORE</span></code>.</p>

  1293. <div class="versionadded">

  1294. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.2.</span></p>

  1295. </div>

  1296. </dd></dl>

  1297. 

  1298. <dl class="std envvar">

  1299. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_BUILTIN_MODULE_CFLAGS">

  1300. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_BUILTIN_MODULE_CFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_BUILTIN_MODULE_CFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1301. <dd><p>Compiler flags to build a standard library extension module as a built-in

  1302. module, like the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/posix.html#module-posix" title="posix: The most common POSIX system calls (normally used via module os). (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix</span></code></a> module.</p>

  1303. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(PY_STDMODULE_CFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">-DPy_BUILD_CORE_BUILTIN</span></code>.</p>

  1304. <div class="versionadded">

  1305. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.8.</span></p>

  1306. </div>

  1307. </dd></dl>

  1308. 

  1309. <dl class="std envvar">

  1310. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PURIFY">

  1311. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PURIFY</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PURIFY" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1312. <dd><p>Purify command. Purify is a memory debugger program.</p>

  1313. <p>Default: empty string (not used).</p>

  1314. </dd></dl>

  1315. 

  1316. </section>

  1317. <section id="linker-flags">

  1318. <h3><span class="section-number">3.5.3. </span>Linker flags<a class="headerlink" href="#linker-flags" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>

  1319. <dl class="std envvar">

  1320. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LINKCC">

  1321. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">LINKCC</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LINKCC" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1322. <dd><p>Linker command used to build programs like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_testembed</span></code>.</p>

  1323. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(PURIFY)</span> <span class="pre">$(CC)</span></code>.</p>

  1324. </dd></dl>

  1325. 

  1326. <dl class="std envvar">

  1327. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS">

  1328. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1329. <dd><p>Value of <span class="target" id="index-18"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS</span></code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./configure</span></code> script.</p>

  1330. <p>Avoid assigning <span class="target" id="index-19"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CFLAGS</span></code></a>, <span class="target" id="index-20"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS</span></code></a>, etc. so users can use

  1331. them on the command line to append to these values without stomping the

  1332. pre-set values.</p>

  1333. <div class="versionadded">

  1334. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.2.</span></p>

  1335. </div>

  1336. </dd></dl>

  1337. 

  1338. <dl class="std envvar">

  1339. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LDFLAGS_NODIST">

  1340. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS_NODIST</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS_NODIST" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1341. <dd><p><span class="target" id="index-21"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS_NODIST</span></code></a> is used in the same manner as

  1342. <span class="target" id="index-22"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CFLAGS_NODIST</span></code></a>.  Use it when a linker flag should <em>not</em> be part of

  1343. <span class="target" id="index-23"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS</span></code></a> once Python is installed (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/65320">gh-65320</a>).</p>

  1344. <p>In particular, <span class="target" id="index-24"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS</span></code></a> should not contain:</p>

  1345. <ul class="simple">

  1346. <li><p>the compiler flag <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-L</span></code> (for setting the search path for libraries).

  1347. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-L</span></code> flags are processed from left to right, and any flags in

  1348. <span class="target" id="index-25"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS</span></code></a> would take precedence over user- and package-supplied <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-L</span></code>

  1349. flags.</p></li>

  1350. </ul>

  1351. </dd></dl>

  1352. 

  1353. <dl class="std envvar">

  1354. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST">

  1355. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1356. <dd><p>Value of <span class="target" id="index-26"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS_NODIST"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS_NODIST</span></code></a> variable passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./configure</span></code>

  1357. script.</p>

  1358. <div class="versionadded">

  1359. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.8.</span></p>

  1360. </div>

  1361. </dd></dl>

  1362. 

  1363. <dl class="std envvar">

  1364. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LDFLAGS">

  1365. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1366. <dd><p>Linker flags, e.g. <code class="samp docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-L</span><em><span class="pre">lib_dir</span></em></code> if you have libraries in a nonstandard

  1367. directory <em>lib_dir</em>.</p>

  1368. <p>Both <span class="target" id="index-27"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-CPPFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CPPFLAGS</span></code></a> and <span class="target" id="index-28"></span><a class="reference internal" href="#envvar-LDFLAGS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LDFLAGS</span></code></a> need to contain the shell’s

  1369. value to be able to build extension modules using the

  1370. directories specified in the environment variables.</p>

  1371. </dd></dl>

  1372. 

  1373. <dl class="std envvar">

  1374. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LIBS">

  1375. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">LIBS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LIBS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1376. <dd><p>Linker flags to pass libraries to the linker when linking the Python

  1377. executable.</p>

  1378. <p>Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-lrt</span></code>.</p>

  1379. </dd></dl>

  1380. 

  1381. <dl class="std envvar">

  1382. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-LDSHARED">

  1383. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">LDSHARED</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-LDSHARED" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1384. <dd><p>Command to build a shared library.</p>

  1385. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&#64;LDSHARED&#64;</span> <span class="pre">$(PY_LDFLAGS)</span></code>.</p>

  1386. </dd></dl>

  1387. 

  1388. <dl class="std envvar">

  1389. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-BLDSHARED">

  1390. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">BLDSHARED</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-BLDSHARED" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1391. <dd><p>Command to build <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libpython</span></code> shared library.</p>

  1392. <p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&#64;BLDSHARED&#64;</span> <span class="pre">$(PY_CORE_LDFLAGS)</span></code>.</p>

  1393. </dd></dl>

  1394. 

  1395. <dl class="std envvar">

  1396. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_LDFLAGS">

  1397. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_LDFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_LDFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1398. <dd><p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS)</span> <span class="pre">$(LDFLAGS)</span></code>.</p>

  1399. </dd></dl>

  1400. 

  1401. <dl class="std envvar">

  1402. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_LDFLAGS_NODIST">

  1403. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_LDFLAGS_NODIST</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_LDFLAGS_NODIST" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1404. <dd><p>Default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(CONFIGURE_LDFLAGS_NODIST)</span> <span class="pre">$(LDFLAGS_NODIST)</span></code>.</p>

  1405. <div class="versionadded">

  1406. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.8.</span></p>

  1407. </div>

  1408. </dd></dl>

  1409. 

  1410. <dl class="std envvar">

  1411. <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="envvar-PY_CORE_LDFLAGS">

  1412. <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">PY_CORE_LDFLAGS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#envvar-PY_CORE_LDFLAGS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>

  1413. <dd><p>Linker flags used for building the interpreter object files.</p>

  1414. <div class="versionadded">

  1415. <p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 3.8.</span></p>

  1416. </div>

  1417. </dd></dl>

  1418. 

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