Baoding-FenShuaJiang
/
Green_GoodERP18_FSJ_Standard
关注 1
点赞 0
百科 捐赠
gooderp18绿色标准版
您最多选择25个主题 主题必须以字母或数字开头，可以包含连字符 (-)，并且长度不得超过35个字符
目录树: 0f75e31513
分支列表 标签列表
${ item.name }
创建分支 ${ searchTerm }
从 '0f75e31513'
${ noResults }
Green_GoodERP18_FSJ_Standard/python/Doc/html/library/builtins.html

343 行
17KB
原始文件 Blame 文件历史 

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>

  2. 

  3. <html lang="en" data-content_root="../">

  4.   <head>

  5.     <meta charset="utf-8" />

  6.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />

  7. <meta property="og:title" content="builtins — Built-in objects" />

  8. <meta property="og:type" content="website" />

  9. <meta property="og:url" content="https://docs.python.org/3/library/builtins.html" />

  10. <meta property="og:site_name" content="Python documentation" />

  11. <meta property="og:description" content="This module provides direct access to all ‘built-in’ identifiers of Python; for example, builtins.open is the full name for the built-in function open(). See Built-in Functions and Built-in Constan..." />

  12. <meta property="og:image" content="https://docs.python.org/3/_static/og-image.png" />

  13. <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Python documentation" />

  14. <meta name="description" content="This module provides direct access to all ‘built-in’ identifiers of Python; for example, builtins.open is the full name for the built-in function open(). See Built-in Functions and Built-in Constan..." />

  15. <meta property="og:image:width" content="200" />

  16. <meta property="og:image:height" content="200" />

  17. <meta name="theme-color" content="#3776ab" />

  18. 

  19.     <title>builtins — Built-in objects &#8212; Python 3.12.3 documentation</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

  20.     

  21.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/pygments.css?v=80d5e7a1" />

  22.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/pydoctheme.css?v=bb723527" />

  23.     <link id="pygments_dark_css" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/pygments_dark.css?v=b20cc3f5" />

  24.     

  25.     <script src="../_static/documentation_options.js?v=2c828074"></script>

  26.     <script src="../_static/doctools.js?v=888ff710"></script>

  27.     <script src="../_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=dc90522c"></script>

  28.     

  29.     <script src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>

  30.     

  31.     <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"

  32.           title="Search within Python 3.12.3 documentation"

  33.           href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>

  34.     <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" />

  35.     <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" />

  36.     <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" />

  37.     <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" />

  38.     <link rel="next" title="__main__ — Top-level code environment" href="__main__.html" />

  39.     <link rel="prev" title="sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information" href="sysconfig.html" />

  40.     <link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/builtins.html" />

  41.     

  42.       

  43.     

  44. 

  45.     

  46.     <style>

  47.       @media only screen {

  48.         table.full-width-table {

  49.             width: 100%;

  50.         }

  51.       }

  52.     </style>

  53. <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pydoctheme_dark.css" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" id="pydoctheme_dark_css">

  54.     <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.svg" />

  55.             <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>

  56.             <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/menu.js"></script>

  57.             <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/search-focus.js"></script>

  58.             <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/themetoggle.js"></script> 

  59. 

  60.   </head>

  61. <body>

  62. <div class="mobile-nav">

  63.     <input type="checkbox" id="menuToggler" class="toggler__input" aria-controls="navigation"

  64.            aria-pressed="false" aria-expanded="false" role="button" aria-label="Menu" />

  65.     <nav class="nav-content" role="navigation">

  66.         <label for="menuToggler" class="toggler__label">

  67.             <span></span>

  68.         </label>

  69.         <span class="nav-items-wrapper">

  70.             <a href="https://www.python.org/" class="nav-logo">

  71.                 <img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo"/>

  72.             </a>

  73.             <span class="version_switcher_placeholder"></span>

  74.             <form role="search" class="search" action="../search.html" method="get">

  75.                 <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="search-icon">

  76.                     <path fill-rule="nonzero" fill="currentColor" d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27a6.5 6.5 0 001.48-5.34c-.47-2.78-2.79-5-5.59-5.34a6.505 6.505 0 00-7.27 7.27c.34 2.8 2.56 5.12 5.34 5.59a6.5 6.5 0 005.34-1.48l.27.28v.79l4.25 4.25c.41.41 1.08.41 1.49 0 .41-.41.41-1.08 0-1.49L15.5 14zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z"></path>

  77.                 </svg>

  78.                 <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" />

  79.                 <input type="submit" value="Go"/>

  80.             </form>

  81.         </span>

  82.     </nav>

  83.     <div class="menu-wrapper">

  84.         <nav class="menu" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">

  85.             <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div>

  86.             

  87. <label class="theme-selector-label">

  88.     Theme

  89.     <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)">

  90.         <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option>

  91.         <option value="light">Light</option>

  92.         <option value="dark">Dark</option>

  93.     </select>

  94. </label>

  95.   <div>

  96.     <h4>Previous topic</h4>

  97.     <p class="topless"><a href="sysconfig.html"

  98.                           title="previous chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysconfig</span></code> — Provide access to Python’s configuration information</a></p>

  99.   </div>

  100.   <div>

  101.     <h4>Next topic</h4>

  102.     <p class="topless"><a href="__main__.html"

  103.                           title="next chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code> — Top-level code environment</a></p>

  104.   </div>

  105.   <div role="note" aria-label="source link">

  106.     <h3>This Page</h3>

  107.     <ul class="this-page-menu">

  108.       <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li>

  109.       <li>

  110.         <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/builtins.rst"

  111.             rel="nofollow">Show Source

  112.         </a>

  113.       </li>

  114.     </ul>

  115.   </div>

  116.         </nav>

  117.     </div>

  118. </div>

  119. 

  120.   

  121.     <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">

  122.       <h3>Navigation</h3>

  123.       <ul>

  124.         <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">

  125.           <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"

  126.              accesskey="I">index</a></li>

  127.         <li class="right" >

  128.           <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"

  129.              >modules</a> |</li>

  130.         <li class="right" >

  131.           <a href="__main__.html" title="__main__ — Top-level code environment"

  132.              accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>

  133.         <li class="right" >

  134.           <a href="sysconfig.html" title="sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information"

  135.              accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>

  136. 

  137.           <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>

  138.           <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li>

  139.           <li class="switchers">

  140.             <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div>

  141.             <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div>

  142.           </li>

  143.           <li>

  144.               

  145.           </li>

  146.     <li id="cpython-language-and-version">

  147.       <a href="../index.html">3.12.3 Documentation</a> &#187;

  148.     </li>

  149. 

  150.           <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> &#187;</li>

  151.           <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="python.html" accesskey="U">Python Runtime Services</a> &#187;</li>

  152.         <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins</span></code> — Built-in objects</a></li>

  153.                 <li class="right">

  154.                     

  155. 

  156.     <div class="inline-search" role="search">

  157.         <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">

  158.           <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" id="search-box" />

  159.           <input type="submit" value="Go" />

  160.         </form>

  161.     </div>

  162.                      |

  163.                 </li>

  164.             <li class="right">

  165. <label class="theme-selector-label">

  166.     Theme

  167.     <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)">

  168.         <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option>

  169.         <option value="light">Light</option>

  170.         <option value="dark">Dark</option>

  171.     </select>

  172. </label> |</li>

  173.             

  174.       </ul>

  175.     </div>    

  176. 

  177.     <div class="document">

  178.       <div class="documentwrapper">

  179.         <div class="bodywrapper">

  180.           <div class="body" role="main">

  181.             

  182.   <section id="module-builtins">

  183. <span id="builtins-built-in-objects"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-builtins" title="builtins: The module that provides the built-in namespace."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins</span></code></a> — Built-in objects<a class="headerlink" href="#module-builtins" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>

  184. <hr class="docutils" />

  185. <p>This module provides direct access to all ‘built-in’ identifiers of Python; for

  186. example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins.open</span></code> is the full name for the built-in function

  187. <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#open" title="open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a>.  See <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#built-in-funcs"><span class="std std-ref">Built-in Functions</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#built-in-consts"><span class="std std-ref">Built-in Constants</span></a> for

  188. documentation.</p>

  189. <p>This module is not normally accessed explicitly by most applications, but can be

  190. useful in modules that provide objects with the same name as a built-in value,

  191. but in which the built-in of that name is also needed.  For example, in a module

  192. that wants to implement an <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#open" title="open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a> function that wraps the built-in

  193. <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#open" title="open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a>, this module can be used directly:</p>

  194. <div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">builtins</span>

  195. 

  196. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">):</span>

  197.     <span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">builtins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;r&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>

  198.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">UpperCaser</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>

  199. 

  200. <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">UpperCaser</span><span class="p">:</span>

  201. <span class="w">    </span><span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;Wrapper around a file that converts output to uppercase.&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>

  202. 

  203.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">):</span>

  204.         <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">f</span>

  205. 

  206.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">count</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>

  207.         <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">upper</span><span class="p">()</span>

  208. 

  209.     <span class="c1"># ...</span>

  210. </pre></div>

  211. </div>

  212. <p>As an implementation detail, most modules have the name <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__builtins__</span></code> made

  213. available as part of their globals.  The value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__builtins__</span></code> is normally

  214. either this module or the value of this module’s <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#object.__dict__" title="object.__dict__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__dict__</span></code></a> attribute.

  215. Since this is an implementation detail, it may not be used by alternate

  216. implementations of Python.</p>

  217. </section>

  218. 

  219. 

  220.             <div class="clearer"></div>

  221.           </div>

  222.         </div>

  223.       </div>

  224.       <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">

  225.         <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">

  226.   <div>

  227.     <h4>Previous topic</h4>

  228.     <p class="topless"><a href="sysconfig.html"

  229.                           title="previous chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysconfig</span></code> — Provide access to Python’s configuration information</a></p>

  230.   </div>

  231.   <div>

  232.     <h4>Next topic</h4>

  233.     <p class="topless"><a href="__main__.html"

  234.                           title="next chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code> — Top-level code environment</a></p>

  235.   </div>

  236.   <div role="note" aria-label="source link">

  237.     <h3>This Page</h3>

  238.     <ul class="this-page-menu">

  239.       <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li>

  240.       <li>

  241.         <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/builtins.rst"

  242.             rel="nofollow">Show Source

  243.         </a>

  244.       </li>

  245.     </ul>

  246.   </div>

  247.         </div>

  248. <div id="sidebarbutton" title="Collapse sidebar">

  249. <span>«</span>

  250. </div>

  251. 

  252.       </div>

  253.       <div class="clearer"></div>

  254.     </div>  

  255.     <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">

  256.       <h3>Navigation</h3>

  257.       <ul>

  258.         <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">

  259.           <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"

  260.              >index</a></li>

  261.         <li class="right" >

  262.           <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"

  263.              >modules</a> |</li>

  264.         <li class="right" >

  265.           <a href="__main__.html" title="__main__ — Top-level code environment"

  266.              >next</a> |</li>

  267.         <li class="right" >

  268.           <a href="sysconfig.html" title="sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information"

  269.              >previous</a> |</li>

  270. 

  271.           <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>

  272.           <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li>

  273.           <li class="switchers">

  274.             <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div>

  275.             <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div>

  276.           </li>

  277.           <li>

  278.               

  279.           </li>

  280.     <li id="cpython-language-and-version">

  281.       <a href="../index.html">3.12.3 Documentation</a> &#187;

  282.     </li>

  283. 

  284.           <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> &#187;</li>

  285.           <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="python.html" >Python Runtime Services</a> &#187;</li>

  286.         <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins</span></code> — Built-in objects</a></li>

  287.                 <li class="right">

  288.                     

  289. 

  290.     <div class="inline-search" role="search">

  291.         <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">

  292.           <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" id="search-box" />

  293.           <input type="submit" value="Go" />

  294.         </form>

  295.     </div>

  296.                      |

  297.                 </li>

  298.             <li class="right">

  299. <label class="theme-selector-label">

  300.     Theme

  301.     <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)">

  302.         <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option>

  303.         <option value="light">Light</option>

  304.         <option value="dark">Dark</option>

  305.     </select>

  306. </label> |</li>

  307.             

  308.       </ul>

  309.     </div>  

  310.     <div class="footer">

  311.     &copy; 

  312.       <a href="../copyright.html">

  313.     

  314.     Copyright

  315.     

  316.       </a>

  317.      2001-2024, Python Software Foundation.

  318.     <br />

  319.     This page is licensed under the Python Software Foundation License Version 2.

  320.     <br />

  321.     Examples, recipes, and other code in the documentation are additionally licensed under the Zero Clause BSD License.

  322.     <br />

  323.     

  324.       See <a href="/license.html">History and License</a> for more information.<br />

  325.     

  326.     

  327.     <br />

  328. 

  329.     The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation.

  330. <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a>

  331. <br />

  332.     <br />

  333.       Last updated on Apr 09, 2024 (13:47 UTC).

  334.     

  335.       <a href="/bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?

  336.     

  337.     <br />

  338. 

  339.     Created using <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> 7.2.6.

  340.     </div>

  341. 

  342.   </body>

  343. </html>
上海开阖软件有限公司 沪ICP备12045867号-1