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  134. <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio</span></code> — Asynchronous I/O</a></li>
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  159. <section id="module-asyncio">
  160. <span id="asyncio-asynchronous-i-o"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-asyncio" title="asyncio: Asynchronous I/O."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio</span></code></a> — Asynchronous I/O<a class="headerlink" href="#module-asyncio" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
  161. <hr class="docutils" />
  162. <aside class="sidebar">
  163. <p class="sidebar-title">Hello World!</p>
  164. <div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">asyncio</span>
  165. <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">():</span>
  166. <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Hello ...&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
  167. <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">asyncio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sleep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
  168. <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;... World!&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
  169. <span class="n">asyncio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">main</span><span class="p">())</span>
  170. </pre></div>
  171. </div>
  172. </aside>
  173. <p>asyncio is a library to write <strong>concurrent</strong> code using
  174. the <strong>async/await</strong> syntax.</p>
  175. <p>asyncio is used as a foundation for multiple Python asynchronous
  176. frameworks that provide high-performance network and web-servers,
  177. database connection libraries, distributed task queues, etc.</p>
  178. <p>asyncio is often a perfect fit for IO-bound and high-level
  179. <strong>structured</strong> network code.</p>
  180. <p>asyncio provides a set of <strong>high-level</strong> APIs to:</p>
  181. <ul class="simple">
  182. <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-task.html#coroutine"><span class="std std-ref">run Python coroutines</span></a> concurrently and
  183. have full control over their execution;</p></li>
  184. <li><p>perform <a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-stream.html#asyncio-streams"><span class="std std-ref">network IO and IPC</span></a>;</p></li>
  185. <li><p>control <a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-subprocess.html#asyncio-subprocess"><span class="std std-ref">subprocesses</span></a>;</p></li>
  186. <li><p>distribute tasks via <a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-queue.html#asyncio-queues"><span class="std std-ref">queues</span></a>;</p></li>
  187. <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-sync.html#asyncio-sync"><span class="std std-ref">synchronize</span></a> concurrent code;</p></li>
  188. </ul>
  189. <p>Additionally, there are <strong>low-level</strong> APIs for
  190. <em>library and framework developers</em> to:</p>
  191. <ul class="simple">
  192. <li><p>create and manage <a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-eventloop.html#asyncio-event-loop"><span class="std std-ref">event loops</span></a>, which
  193. provide asynchronous APIs for <a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-eventloop.html#loop-create-server"><span class="std std-ref">networking</span></a>,
  194. running <a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-eventloop.html#loop-subprocess-exec"><span class="std std-ref">subprocesses</span></a>,
  195. handling <a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-eventloop.html#loop-add-signal-handler"><span class="std std-ref">OS signals</span></a>, etc;</p></li>
  196. <li><p>implement efficient protocols using
  197. <a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-protocol.html#asyncio-transports-protocols"><span class="std std-ref">transports</span></a>;</p></li>
  198. <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-future.html#asyncio-futures"><span class="std std-ref">bridge</span></a> callback-based libraries and code
  199. with async/await syntax.</p></li>
  200. </ul>
  201. <p id="asyncio-cli">You can experiment with an <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio</span></code> concurrent context in the REPL:</p>
  202. <div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">$ python -m asyncio</span>
  203. <span class="go">asyncio REPL ...</span>
  204. <span class="go">Use &quot;await&quot; directly instead of &quot;asyncio.run()&quot;.</span>
  205. <span class="go">Type &quot;help&quot;, &quot;copyright&quot;, &quot;credits&quot; or &quot;license&quot; for more information.</span>
  206. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">asyncio</span>
  207. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">asyncio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sleep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;hello&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
  208. <span class="go">&#39;hello&#39;</span>
  209. </pre></div>
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  213. <p>This module does not work or is not available on WebAssembly platforms
  214. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wasm32-emscripten</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wasm32-wasi</span></code>. See
  215. <a class="reference internal" href="intro.html#wasm-availability"><span class="std std-ref">WebAssembly platforms</span></a> for more information.</p>
  216. </div>
  217. <p class="rubric">Reference</p>
  218. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
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  238. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-extending.html">Extending</a></li>
  239. </ul>
  240. </div>
  241. <div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
  242. <p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Guides and Tutorials</span></p>
  243. <ul>
  244. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-api-index.html">High-level API Index</a></li>
  245. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-llapi-index.html">Low-level API Index</a></li>
  246. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="asyncio-dev.html">Developing with asyncio</a></li>
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  249. <div class="admonition note">
  250. <p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
  251. <p>The source code for asyncio can be found in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.12/Lib/asyncio/">Lib/asyncio/</a>.</p>
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